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Key Terms and Concepts:

Lengthy Takes - A shot/take that is very lengthy and long. It is usually a shot that is not edited and is what the source footage is (AKA shot)

Edited - A shot that has been condensed to a shorter size of itself. It is alo known as the joining of film strips to give the main idea or point of the shot. For example, an 8 min shot of a woman driving to the store has been reduced to a 3 min shot.



Shot - It is basicly unedited footage from the camera.
(see top video)

Long Shot - A shot that shows the whole area. It is not as loose as an Extreme Long Shot but it is much more loose than a Medium Shot. The Long Shot is usually used as a way to give the audience a feel as if they were part of the audience on a performance stage . In terms of editing, many of the takes were long shots.



Take - The proccess of the shooting of film. Many takes are made for different types of camera shots.






Cutting to Continuity - It is the process of cutting to keep the flow of the shot together as fluidly as possible not showing the whole footage. This would include such factors as: wardrobe, lighting, audio, movement, props, and other mise en scene elements such as placement.


Jump Cut - a type of editing transition that is very fast which gives a sense of confusion in space and time. It is usually used to keep the flow of continuity.

here is a fun explination of jump cuts



Establishing Shot - A type of shot (usually an extreme long shot) that shows the whole setting of the stage. It is usually used as an opening to introduce the audience the setting of where the story is taking place. In terms of editing, it is used to keep the transitions smooth.


Reestablishing Shot - A cut back to the Establishing Shot. It reminds the audience of the spacial context or, space included in the scene.




Films Referenced:

The Deer Hunter (U.S.A 1978) - directed by Michael Cimino

The movie is a fictional story of a group of Carpatho-Rusyn steel workers during the Vietnam War era. The movie was shown as a sneak preview to audiences which was 3 hours long. Most of the movie had long unnecessary shots where Cimono and his editor cut down the unnecessary parts of the movie.




The Makioka Sisters (Japan, 1985) - directed by Kon Ichikawa

The movie is about the four daughters of a once-wealthy family now in decline in japan that is stuck in an arranged marrage.
The movie incorporates the use of jump cuts. It is especially used in the scene of a bullying husband and his wife with four other characters. The jump cuts are used to show the reactions of the six different characters in the scene by cutting to their reaction right after the action is done.



The Arrival Of A Train (France, 1895) - directed by Louis and Auguste Lumiere

A film that involves the use of sequence shooting where it had all the actions done in one take. The film did use some cutting but did not use them much but only for the transitions.



A Trip to the Moon (France, 1902) - directed by Georges Melies

One of the first movies to edit by cutting to continuity. Cutting to continuity was essential to the movie because it needed more than one shot to complete. The editing was used in the segments where the scenes were connected by fade-ins and fade-outs. It had another scene where it took place in a different location, at a different time, but with the same characters. Melies presented the stories in the film as arranged scenes



Critical Questions for Review with Answers
1) What factors would you incorporate in jump cutting?
2) What effects would a jump cut do if it is used as an effect if it was not used as a cut to continuity? And what senses of effects would the jump cut bring?
3) Why would directors want to include a reestablishing shot if the audience is already introduced with an establishing shot?

Links-
1) More information of Continuity for those who want to go more in depth with more specific terms such as cross cutting andvarious kinds of continuity vectors.
2) Shows different editing techniques that incorporate continuity.
3) A site that examines editing issues with inaccurate jump cuts and examples of other continuity factors such as angles, the 180* line, and the frame size.